
{"id":6139,"date":"2025-12-05T13:35:15","date_gmt":"2025-12-05T13:35:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/?post_type=case-study&#038;p=6139"},"modified":"2026-02-05T16:45:50","modified_gmt":"2026-02-05T16:45:50","slug":"sygnature-discoverys-tail-immersion-model","status":"publish","type":"case-study","link":"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/fr\/case-study\/sygnature-discoverys-tail-immersion-model\/","title":{"rendered":"Sygnature Discovery\u2019s Tail-Immersion Model"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-dark-blue-500-color has-text-color has-link-color has-text-3-xl-font-size wp-elements-a4cae1cb7ba7147f11fcfb213a1403b2\">The tail-immersion pain model is a well-known approach in the exploration of thermally-evoked acute pain. Its design is intricately woven around \u2018spinal\u2019 mechanisms, making it particularly insightful for central opioid-related targets. <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The induction process of this model involves the submersion of the distal portion of the tail in a controlled warm water bath. A pivotal metric of this procedure is the duration it takes for a reflexive tail withdrawal, capturing both the pain threshold and its subsequent response.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When outlining the standard study design at Sygnature Discovery, our research typically encompasses 4-6 distinct experimental groups. Each of these groups comprises 6-8 subjects to ensure both robust data collection and statistical validity. Opioids, due to their pronounced efficacy, often serve as the primary positive controls in this model. However, it\u2019s essential to note that these controlled substances are subject to testing at Sygnature Discovery only upon obtaining an exemption license from Health Canada. Other analgesics often yield suboptimal effects in this model, emphasizing the model\u2019s keen specificity towards central opioid mechanisms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For consistent and reproducible outcomes in our investigations, the model at Sygnature Discovery is meticulously validated for the C57BL6 mouse species.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After rigorous evaluation of the tail-immersion pain model, 50\u00b0C emerged as the optimal temperature for eliciting discernible and consistent pain responses. This temperature was meticulously selected to balance the fine line between inducing a perceptible nociceptive reaction and ensuring the well-being of the test subjects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context='{\"imageId\":\"69f5ceb100777\"}' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"69f5ceb100777\" class=\"wp-block-image size-large has-custom-border wp-lightbox-container\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"914\" height=\"1024\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Tail-immersion-model-1-914x1024.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6140\" style=\"border-radius:1.5em\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Tail-immersion-model-1-914x1024.webp 914w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Tail-immersion-model-1-268x300.webp 268w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Tail-immersion-model-1-768x861.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Tail-immersion-model-1-964x1080.webp 964w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Tail-immersion-model-1-321x360.webp 321w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Tail-immersion-model-1-571x640.webp 571w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Tail-immersion-model-1.webp 1210w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 914px) 100vw, 914px\"><button class=\"lightbox-trigger\" type=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"Agrandir\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\" data-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A suite of four drugs \u2013 Duloxetine, Mexiletine, Diclofenac, and Gabapentin \u2013 were tested within this framework. As expected, none of these drugs could produce any meaningful analgesic effects in this model which is more sensitive to centrally acting opioid drugs, as discussed earlier. Of the cohort, Gabapentin demonstrated notable effects, but only at a dosage of 300 mg\/kg. It\u2019s pivotal to underscore, however, that alongside these effects, there were concomitant adverse reactions observed at this dose level of Gabapentin. The findings, particularly the nuanced response with Gabapentin, emphasize the critical balance between therapeutic potential and safety considerations in drug evaluations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context='{\"imageId\":\"69f5ceb101249\"}' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"69f5ceb101249\" class=\"wp-block-image size-large has-custom-border wp-lightbox-container\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"667\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Tail-immersion-model-2-1024x667.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6143\" style=\"border-radius:1.5em\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Tail-immersion-model-2-1024x667.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Tail-immersion-model-2-300x195.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Tail-immersion-model-2-768x500.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Tail-immersion-model-2-1536x1001.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Tail-immersion-model-2-1658x1080.webp 1658w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Tail-immersion-model-2-553x360.webp 553w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Tail-immersion-model-2-640x417.webp 640w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Tail-immersion-model-2.webp 1876w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"><button class=\"lightbox-trigger\" type=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"Agrandir\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\" data-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-dark-blue-500-color has-text-color has-link-color has-text-2-xl-font-size wp-elements-da3673c02ebeda7daa61b47db347de09\">Conclusion<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In summation, the tail-immersion pain model at Sygnature Discovery, through its methodical temperature setting and drug testing, provides invaluable insights into thermally-evoked nociception mechanisms and the potential avenues for its modulation, always underscoring the significance of precision and safety.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","category":[735,685],"resource_tag":[],"class_list":["post-6139","case-study","type-case-study","status-publish","hentry","category-cns-pain-models","category-in-vivo-pharmacology"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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