{"id":16870,"date":"2026-05-15T12:23:17","date_gmt":"2026-05-15T12:23:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/?post_type=blog&#038;p=16870"},"modified":"2026-05-15T12:35:03","modified_gmt":"2026-05-15T12:35:03","slug":"substance-use-intoxication-binge-insights-from-preclinical-models","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/fr\/blog\/substance-use-intoxication-binge-insights-from-preclinical-models\/","title":{"rendered":"Substance Use Intoxication (Binge): Insights from Preclinical Models"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div x-data='subNav({\"anchor_map\":{\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\\\/blog\\\/drug-addiction-a-public-health-issue\\\/\":\"Part 1: Introduction\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\\\/blog\\\/substance-use-intoxication-binge-insights-from-preclinical-models\\\/\":\"Part 2: Intoxication \",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\\\/blog\\\/preclinical-models-of-substance-use-withdrawal\\\/\":\"Part 3: Withdrawal\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\\\/blog\\\/preclinical-models-of-craving-and-relapse\\\/\":\"Part 4: Craving\"}})' id=\"pegasus-subnav\" class=\"SubNav w-full text-content-tertiary \" false x-cloak style=\"\">\n    <div x-ref=\"fixedNav\" class=\"SubNav__bar w-full h-[var(--subnav-height)] z-page-header whitespace-nowrap border-t border-grey-200 container flex items-center justify-between shadow-sm\">\n\n                    <!-- Desktop Navigation (tablet and up) -->\n            <div class=\"flex items-center min-w-0 flex-1 mr-4\">\n                                    <div class=\"flex items-center gap-x-3 mr-4 sm:mr-8 pr-4 sm:pr-8 md:border-r md:border-grey-200 flex-shrink-0\">\n                        \n                                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/in-vivo-pharmacology\/cns-and-pain-models\/\" class=\"wp-block-button wp-block-button is-style-back-chevron text-content-primary \">\n                                <span class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button bg-ivory-300 text-content-primary rounded-full\">CNS &amp; Pain Models<\/span>\n                            <\/a>\n                                            <\/div>\n                \n                <div class=\"hidden md:block min-w-0 flex-1 overflow-hidden relative\">\n                    <div class=\"nav-container-wrapper\">\n                        <ul x-ref=\"navList\" class=\"flex flex-row items-center !m-0 !list-none gap-8 !py-4 overflow-x-auto scrollbar-hide pr-16\">\n                                                            <li class=\"!m-0 !p-0 !list-none flex-shrink-0\">\n                                    <div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-text-link\">\n                                        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/blog\/drug-addiction-a-public-health-issue\/\" class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button has-text-sm-font-size px-2 whitespace-nowrap after:bg-transparent \" :class=\"currentLink === 'https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/blog\/drug-addiction-a-public-health-issue\/' || 'https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/blog\/drug-addiction-a-public-health-issue\/' === window.location.href ? '-active' : ''\">\n                                            Part 1: Introduction\n                                        <\/a>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <\/li>\n                                                            <li class=\"!m-0 !p-0 !list-none flex-shrink-0\">\n                                    <div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-text-link\">\n                                        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/blog\/substance-use-intoxication-binge-insights-from-preclinical-models\/\" class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button has-text-sm-font-size px-2 whitespace-nowrap after:bg-transparent \" :class=\"currentLink === 'https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/blog\/substance-use-intoxication-binge-insights-from-preclinical-models\/' || 'https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/blog\/substance-use-intoxication-binge-insights-from-preclinical-models\/' === window.location.href ? '-active' : ''\">\n                                            Part 2: Intoxication \n                                        <\/a>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <\/li>\n                                                            <li class=\"!m-0 !p-0 !list-none flex-shrink-0\">\n                                    <div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-text-link\">\n                                        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/blog\/preclinical-models-of-substance-use-withdrawal\/\" class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button has-text-sm-font-size px-2 whitespace-nowrap after:bg-transparent \" :class=\"currentLink === 'https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/blog\/preclinical-models-of-substance-use-withdrawal\/' || 'https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/blog\/preclinical-models-of-substance-use-withdrawal\/' === window.location.href ? '-active' : ''\">\n                                            Part 3: Withdrawal\n                                        <\/a>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <\/li>\n                                                            <li class=\"!m-0 !p-0 !list-none flex-shrink-0\">\n                                    <div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-text-link\">\n                                        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/blog\/preclinical-models-of-craving-and-relapse\/\" class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button has-text-sm-font-size px-2 whitespace-nowrap after:bg-transparent \" :class=\"currentLink === 'https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/blog\/preclinical-models-of-craving-and-relapse\/' || 'https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/blog\/preclinical-models-of-craving-and-relapse\/' === window.location.href ? '-active' : ''\">\n                                            Part 4: Craving\n                                        <\/a>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <\/li>\n                                                    <\/ul>\n                        \n                        <div x-ref=\"scrollIndicator\" class=\"scroll-indicator\" x-show=\"showScrollIndicator\" x-transition:enter=\"transition ease-out duration-500\" x-transition:enter-start=\"opacity-0 transform translate-x-full\" x-transition:enter-end=\"opacity-100 transform translate-x-0\">\n                            <svg class=\"chevron-icon w-4 h-4\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                                <path d=\"M5.65306 3.53025L10.6531 8.53025C10.7227 8.60018 10.7775 8.68297 10.8154 8.77414C10.8533 8.8653 10.8735 8.96304 10.8735 9.06175C10.8735 9.16046 10.8533 9.2582 10.8154 9.34936C10.7775 9.44053 10.7227 9.52332 10.6531 9.59325L5.65306 14.5932C5.51217 14.7341 5.32107 14.8133 5.12181 14.8133C4.92255 14.8133 4.73145 14.7341 4.59056 14.5932C4.44966 14.4523 4.37051 14.2612 4.37051 14.062C4.37051 13.8627 4.44966 13.6716 4.59056 13.5307L9.06294 9.06175L4.59056 4.59325C4.44966 4.45236 4.37051 4.26126 4.37051 4.062C4.37051 3.86274 4.44966 3.67164 4.59056 3.53075C4.73145 3.38985 4.92255 3.3107 5.12181 3.3107C5.32107 3.3107 5.51217 3.38985 5.65306 3.53075V3.53025Z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path>\n                            <\/svg>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <!-- Mobile menu button -->\n            <button x-ref=\"navMenuButton\" type=\"button\" class=\"flex justify-center items-center py-2 whitespace-nowrap pl-5 pr-2.5 ml-auto md:hidden\" aria-label=\"Show more navigation items\" :aria-expanded=\"mobileSubMenuOpen\">\n                <span class=\"sr-only pr-2 inline-block\">More<\/span>\n\n                <svg class=\"transition duration-500 ease-in-out\" :class=\"mobileSubMenuOpen ? 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'bg-blue-50 text-blue-700 font-medium' : ''\" false>\n                                        Part 1: Introduction\n                                    <\/a>\n                                <\/li>\n                                                            <li class=\"!m-0 !p-0 !list-none\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/blog\/substance-use-intoxication-binge-insights-from-preclinical-models\/\" class=\"block px-4 py-3 rounded-lg text-sm text-gray-700 hover:bg-ivory-300 transition-colors duration-150 focus:outline-none focus:bg-ivory-300 focus:ring-2 focus:ring-inset focus:ring-blue-500 \" :class=\"currentLink === 'https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/blog\/substance-use-intoxication-binge-insights-from-preclinical-models\/' || 'https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/blog\/substance-use-intoxication-binge-insights-from-preclinical-models\/' === window.location.href ? 'bg-blue-50 text-blue-700 font-medium' : ''\" false>\n                                        Part 2: Intoxication \n                                    <\/a>\n                                <\/li>\n                                                            <li class=\"!m-0 !p-0 !list-none\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/blog\/preclinical-models-of-substance-use-withdrawal\/\" class=\"block px-4 py-3 rounded-lg text-sm text-gray-700 hover:bg-ivory-300 transition-colors duration-150 focus:outline-none focus:bg-ivory-300 focus:ring-2 focus:ring-inset focus:ring-blue-500 \" :class=\"currentLink === 'https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/blog\/preclinical-models-of-substance-use-withdrawal\/' || 'https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/blog\/preclinical-models-of-substance-use-withdrawal\/' === window.location.href ? 'bg-blue-50 text-blue-700 font-medium' : ''\" false>\n                                        Part 3: Withdrawal\n                                    <\/a>\n                                <\/li>\n                                                            <li class=\"!m-0 !p-0 !list-none\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/blog\/preclinical-models-of-craving-and-relapse\/\" class=\"block px-4 py-3 rounded-lg text-sm text-gray-700 hover:bg-ivory-300 transition-colors duration-150 focus:outline-none focus:bg-ivory-300 focus:ring-2 focus:ring-inset focus:ring-blue-500 \" :class=\"currentLink === 'https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/blog\/preclinical-models-of-craving-and-relapse\/' || 'https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/blog\/preclinical-models-of-craving-and-relapse\/' === window.location.href ? 'bg-blue-50 text-blue-700 font-medium' : ''\" false>\n                                        Part 4: Craving\n                                    <\/a>\n                                <\/li>\n                                                    <\/ul>\n\n                                                    <div class=\"mt-10 pb-5 \">\n                                \n        <div class=\"wp-block-button SubNav__ctaButton wp-block-button btn-primary dark mb-4 sm:mb-0 rounded-full inline-flex\">\n            <a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/contact\/\">Get in touch<\/a>\n        <\/div>\n        \n                            <\/div>\n                                            <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-2-xl-font-size\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)\">What Is Substance Use Intoxication?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Substance use intoxication, often referred to as binge use, describes the phase in which a person consumes a drug for its rewarding and pleasurable effects often increasing the amount and frequency as time progresses. This is the phase that most people associate with addiction and the harm it can cause.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What begins as infrequent use can rapidly escalate as the body adapts to the drug\u2019s effects. As tolerance develops, higher doses or more direct routes of administration (smoking and injection) are required to achieve the same reward. Preventing or reducing the rewarding effects of drugs, or making the experience unpleasant, is therefore a potential strategy for the treatment of drug addictions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-2-xl-font-size\">Modelling Intoxication In Preclinical Studies<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In animal models, intoxication can be modelled by making the drug freely available in drinking water or food or delivered only after a specific behavior has been performed. Due to the temporal nature of addition (rewards are most strongly recognized when they are instant), faster delivery of the drug to the brain produces a stronger association between the action and the reward. For this reason, models that deliver a drug intravenously are often more robust than models which deliver drugs orally.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-2-xl-font-size\">Continuous vs Limited Access Models of Binge-Like Drug Use<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Animals can be provided with continuous or limited access to a drug. Limited access models are frequently used to induce binge-like behavior, as unpredictable availability encourages animals to consume larger quantities over a short period of time. These models work particularly well for alcohol and palatable foods, such as chocolate in binge eating models.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example, when chocolate is made available to rats sporadically in 2-hour sessions, the amount of chocolate ingested in each session increases rapidly. The presence of the palatable reward also drives overeating of the standard chow drive that is always available.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Overeating is for pleasure rather than energy, and each session is followed by a period of consuming less standard diet. Such models allow researchers to assess whether novel pharmacotherapies reduce the amount of drug or palatable food consumed during each binge session.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"border-width:10px;border-top-left-radius:25px;border-top-right-radius:25px;border-bottom-left-radius:25px;border-bottom-right-radius:25px\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\"><section class=\"Pegasus__Container w-full   relative h-fit  text-content-dark mobile-stacking-standard  has-ivory-000-border-color is-layout-flow wp-block-pegasus-container-is-layout-flow\" style=\"   border-top-left-radius:25px;border-top-right-radius:25px;border-bottom-left-radius:25px;border-bottom-right-radius:25px;border-width:10px;\">\n\t        \n\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t        \t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row-background absolute w-full bottom-0 left-0 z-0 h-full has-ivory-000-background-color\" style=\"\">\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"inner relative h-full is-flex-layout flex flex-col justify-start  w-full\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" allowchildrentofillwidth=\"\" overflow=\"\" flexwrap=\"\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full has-custom-border\" style=\"margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"843\" height=\"550\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/binge-intoxication-limited-access-preclinical-model.webp\" alt=\"Graph showing consumption of standard chow and chocolate in a limited\u2011access preclinical intoxication model, demonstrating increased hedonic intake during brief chocolate access periods.\" class=\"wp-image-16684\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px;border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/binge-intoxication-limited-access-preclinical-model.webp 843w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/binge-intoxication-limited-access-preclinical-model-300x196.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/binge-intoxication-limited-access-preclinical-model-768x501.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/binge-intoxication-limited-access-preclinical-model-552x360.webp 552w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/binge-intoxication-limited-access-preclinical-model-640x418.webp 640w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 843px) 100vw, 843px\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-text-sm-font-size\"><em><em>Consumption of standard chow diet (available ad libitum) and chocolate (available in 2-hour sessions) under a limited access binge model. Chocolate consumption becomes hedonic (not associated with metabolic need) and induces overeating of standard chow (red circles).<\/em><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t        <\/section>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-2-xl-font-size\">Operant Self-Administration Models of Intoxication<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Another widely used approach involves requiring animals to perform a behavior to obtain the drug. Often the behavior required is pressing a lever or inserting their node into a hole. These operant self-administration models allow research to quantify the amount of work that an animal is willing to perform to obtain the drug.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The behavioral demand can easily be adjusted by increasing the number of responses required before drug delivery. This enables assessment of two critical questions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Does the treatment reduce the total drug consumption?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Does the treatment reduce the effort an animal is willing to perform to receive the drug? <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Together, these measures provide insight into both reinforcement and motivation, key components of substance use disorders.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Self-administration, particularly intravenous self-administration, models have been used in preclinical safety testing since the 1960s to determine whether new drugs are likely to have abuse potential in humans. Therefore, there is a wealth of literature that demonstrates rodents and non-human primates will readily self-administer most drugs which humans find pleasurable, with the notable exception of psychedelics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, for these models to be useful in assessing novel pharmacotherapies for drug addictions, they must also demonstrate that current clinical interventions translate back into animals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-blue-300-color has-text-color has-link-color has-text-2-5-xl-font-size wp-elements-d5fa1c8436ff07cc1b52a6ca0b5f2963\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)\"><strong>Case Study: Validating an Intravenous Self-Administration Model Using Naltrexone <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>At Sygnature Discovery, we evaluated whether naltrexone, an FDA-approved treatment for opioid use disorder, would decrease heroin self-administration in rats. In the clinic, long-acting naltrexone implants reduce opioid use by blocking the rewarding and pleasurable effects. We validated our intravenous self-administration model with a clinically relevant control so that it can be utilized in assessing efficacy of novel treatments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rats were implanted with a jugular vein catheter for efficient drug delivery. Rats were then given daily access to a lever, which when pressed administers a small dose of heroin. Over several weeks, rats were self-administering approximately 17 doses of heroin within each 2-hour session.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To confirm that level pressing was drive by reward, heroin was replaced by saline. Within one week, the number of self-administered doses had reduced to less than 6 per session. When heroin was reintroduced, responding gradually returned to 17 self-administrations per session.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Finally, to assess pharmacological intervention, rats were administered with either vehicle or naltrexone (0.25, 1 or 2 mg\/kg) 30 minutes before each session. Vehicle-treated rats continued to self-administer heroin as before. In contrast, rats treated with naltrexone showed a marked reduction in heroin intake. At 1 and 2 mg\/kg, heroin self-administrations fell to 6 doses per session, similar to when they were receiving only saline.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These results demonstrate that naltrexone reduces heroin self-administration in rats, mirroring its clinical efficacy and validating this intravenous self-administration model for assessing novel treatments for opioid use disorder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"border-width:10px;border-top-left-radius:25px;border-top-right-radius:25px;border-bottom-left-radius:25px;border-bottom-right-radius:25px\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\"><section class=\"Pegasus__Container w-full   relative h-fit  text-content-dark mobile-stacking-standard  has-ivory-000-border-color is-layout-flow wp-block-pegasus-container-is-layout-flow\" style=\"   border-top-left-radius:25px;border-top-right-radius:25px;border-bottom-left-radius:25px;border-bottom-right-radius:25px;border-width:10px;\">\n\t        \n\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t        \t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row-background absolute w-full bottom-0 left-0 z-0 h-full has-ivory-000-background-color\" style=\"\">\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"inner relative h-full is-flex-layout flex flex-col justify-start  w-full\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" allowchildrentofillwidth=\"\" overflow=\"\" flexwrap=\"\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full has-custom-border\" style=\"margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"666\" height=\"435\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/naltrexone-heroin-self-administration-rat-model.webp\" alt=\"Bar graph showing reduced heroin self\u2011administration in rats following naltrexone treatment in a preclinical intoxication model compared with vehicle control.\" class=\"wp-image-16685\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px;border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/naltrexone-heroin-self-administration-rat-model.webp 666w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/naltrexone-heroin-self-administration-rat-model-300x196.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/naltrexone-heroin-self-administration-rat-model-551x360.webp 551w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/naltrexone-heroin-self-administration-rat-model-640x418.webp 640w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 666px) 100vw, 666px\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-text-sm-font-size\"><em><em><em>Mean number of infusions received per session when lever pressing provides; 1) heroin 2) saline 3) heroin following vehicle pre-treatment 4) heroin following naltrexone (0.25, 1 &amp; 2 mg\/kg) pre-treatment. ***p&lt;0.001 versus vehicle pre-treatment.<\/em><\/em><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t        <\/section>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<section class=\"Pegasus__Container w-full   relative h-fit  text-content-dark mobile-stacking-standard is-layout-flow wp-block-pegasus-container-is-layout-flow\" style=\"  padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50); \">\n\t        \n\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t        \t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row-background absolute w-full bottom-0 left-0 z-0 h-full has-ivory-300-background-color\" style=\"\">\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"inner relative h-full is-flex-layout flex flex-col justify-start  w-full\">\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\" allowchildrentofillwidth=\"\" overflow=\"\" flexwrap=\"\"><div x-data=\"tabButtons\" x-init=\"initTabButtons('alderley-park')\" class=\"TabButtons aligncenter wp-elements-99a560a628086d67fb5f46c0753fce5e\">\n\n            \n            <div class=\"TabButtons__inner p-1 inline-flex w-fit space-x-1 rounded-full justify-between items-center overflow-auto no-scrollbar has--font-size\" style=\"background-color: #ffffff;\">\n                                                                        <button type=\"button\" name=\"alderley-park\" x-show=\"activeTab == 'alderley-park'\" x-cloak class=\"TabButtons__button w-auto px-6 h-9 font-normal font-body leading-none rounded-full pointer-events-none whitespace-nowrap transition-colors ease-in-out\" style=\"background-color:#f9f2e8; \">\n                                <span>Up Next<\/span>\n                        <\/button>\n                        <button type=\"button\" x-on:click=\"showTab('alderley-park');\" x-show=\"activeTab != 'alderley-park'\" class=\"TabButtons__button w-auto px-6 h-9 font-normal font-body leading-none rounded-full whitespace-nowrap transition-colors ease-in-out  \" style=\" color: #002b46 \">\n                            <span>Up Next<\/span>\n                        <\/button>\n                                                                                <button type=\"button\" name=\"nottingham\" x-show=\"activeTab == 'nottingham'\" x-cloak class=\"TabButtons__button w-auto px-6 h-9 font-normal font-body leading-none rounded-full pointer-events-none whitespace-nowrap transition-colors ease-in-out\" style=\"background-color:#f9f2e8; \">\n                                <span>Addiction Research Series<\/span>\n                        <\/button>\n                        <button type=\"button\" x-on:click=\"showTab('nottingham');\" x-show=\"activeTab != 'nottingham'\" class=\"TabButtons__button w-auto px-6 h-9 font-normal font-body leading-none rounded-full whitespace-nowrap transition-colors ease-in-out  \" style=\" color: #002b46 \">\n                            <span>Addiction Research Series<\/span>\n                        <\/button>\n                                                                                <button type=\"button\" name=\"glasgow\" x-show=\"activeTab == 'glasgow'\" x-cloak class=\"TabButtons__button w-auto px-6 h-9 font-normal font-body leading-none rounded-full pointer-events-none whitespace-nowrap transition-colors ease-in-out\" style=\"background-color:#f9f2e8; \">\n                                <span>CNS &amp; Pain Models<\/span>\n                        <\/button>\n                        <button type=\"button\" x-on:click=\"showTab('glasgow');\" x-show=\"activeTab != 'glasgow'\" class=\"TabButtons__button w-auto px-6 h-9 font-normal font-body leading-none rounded-full whitespace-nowrap transition-colors ease-in-out  \" style=\" color: #002b46 \">\n                            <span>CNS &amp; Pain Models<\/span>\n                        <\/button>\n                                                        <\/div>\n    \n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"TabItem\" x-data=\"TabItem\" x-init=\"initTabItem('nottingham')\">\n\t        \n    \t\t<div x-show=\"showTabItem\" x-transition:enter=\"transition ease-out duration-400 delay-200\" x-transition:enter-start=\"opacity-0\" x-transition:enter-end=\"opacity-100\" x-cloak>\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\">\n<section class=\"Pegasus__Container w-full   relative h-fit  text-content-dark mobile-stacking-standard is-layout-flow wp-block-pegasus-container-is-layout-flow\" style=\"  padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50); border-color:#FFFFFF;border-top-left-radius:25px;border-top-right-radius:25px;border-bottom-left-radius:25px;border-bottom-right-radius:25px;border-width:10px;\">\n\t        \n\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t        \t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row-background absolute w-full bottom-0 left-0 z-0 h-full has-ivory-000-background-color\" style=\"\">\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"inner relative h-full is-flex-layout flex flex-col justify-start  w-full\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" allowchildrentofillwidth=\"\" overflow=\"\" flexwrap=\"\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-text-4-xl-font-size\" style=\"padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\">Explore our addiction research models<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" allowchildrentofillwidth=\"\" overflow=\"\" flexwrap=\"\">\n<p class=\"has-content-primary-color has-text-color has-link-color has-text-base-font-size wp-elements-c80736ed41bf630ccf950d57dc238f05\">This article forms part of a four-part series exploring substance use disorders through the <strong>three-phase model of addiction<\/strong> and the <strong>preclinical behavioral pharmacology models<\/strong> used to support drug discovery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Together, these articles examine how addiction develops, why it is so persistent, and how validated <em>in vivo <\/em>models are used to assess new therapeutic approaches. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-blue-300-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-201e76e868c531f17048369579fe37ca\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/fr\/blog\/drug-addiction-a-public-health-issue\/\">Drug Addiction: A Public Health Issue That Refuses to go Away<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>An introduction to substance use disorders, the three-phase addiction model, and the role of behavioral pharmacology.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Preclinical Models of Substance Use Intoxication (Binge)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>How reward-driven drug use and escalation are modelled <em>in vivo<\/em>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-blue-300-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3d0f13bdfbef0aaef38702493623d2d5\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/fr\/blog\/preclinical-models-of-substance-use-withdrawal\/\">Preclinical Models of Substance Use Withdrawal<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Assessing dependence, withdrawal symptoms and maintenance therapies. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-blue-300-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-976994f562837ec1b79d0bc43a02d66f\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/fr\/blog\/preclinical-models-of-craving-and-relapse\/\">Preclinical Models of Substance Use Craving<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Understanding cue-induced relapse using reinstatement paradigms. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t        <\/section>\n\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n    \n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"TabItem\" x-data=\"TabItem\" x-init=\"initTabItem('alderley-park')\">\n\t        \n    \t\t<div x-show=\"showTabItem\" x-transition:enter=\"transition ease-out duration-400 delay-200\" x-transition:enter-start=\"opacity-0\" x-transition:enter-end=\"opacity-100\" x-cloak>\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\">\n<section class=\"Pegasus__Container w-full   relative h-fit  text-content-dark mobile-stacking-standard is-layout-flow wp-block-pegasus-container-is-layout-flow\" style=\"  padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50); border-color:#FFFFFF;border-top-left-radius:25px;border-top-right-radius:25px;border-bottom-left-radius:25px;border-bottom-right-radius:25px;border-width:10px;\">\n\t        \n\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t        \t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row-background absolute w-full bottom-0 left-0 z-0 h-full has-ivory-000-background-color\" style=\"\">\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"inner relative h-full is-flex-layout flex flex-col justify-start  w-full\">\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-text-4-xl-font-size\">Continue the series<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" allowchildrentofillwidth=\"\" overflow=\"\" flexwrap=\"\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-content-primary-color has-text-color has-link-color has-text-base-font-size overflow-hidden wp-elements-847aa70bd52f8f41f48e767ad5179915 has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" allowchildrentofillwidth=\"\" overflow=\"hidden\" flexwrap=\"\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-rounded-large is-style-rounded-large--1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"606\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/blog-thumbnail-1-1024x606.webp\" alt=\"Sygnature Drug Discovery - Blog\" class=\"wp-image-14300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/blog-thumbnail-1-1024x606.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/blog-thumbnail-1-300x178.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/blog-thumbnail-1-768x455.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/blog-thumbnail-1-1536x909.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/blog-thumbnail-1-608x360.webp 608w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/blog-thumbnail-1-640x379.webp 640w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/blog-thumbnail-1.webp 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-fe9cc265 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" allowchildrentofillwidth=\"\" overflow=\"\" flexwrap=\"\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color has-text-2-xl-font-size wp-elements-bf3b137d2133d4ae775c95a0139178e8\" style=\"color:#002b46;margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\"><strong>Next: <\/strong>Preclinical Models of Substance Use Withdrawal<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color has-text-base-font-size wp-elements-5c976526d3a768691bb16f671f1bf94a\" style=\"color:#001024b3;margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Focusing on the withdrawal phase of addiction, this article examines how behavioral pharmacology models assess drug dependence and therapeutic intervention in preclinical studies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-fill is-style-fill--2\" modaltype=\"side\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/fr\/blog\/preclinical-models-of-substance-use-withdrawal\/\">Learn more<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t        <\/section>\n\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n    \n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"TabItem\" x-data=\"TabItem\" x-init=\"initTabItem('glasgow')\">\n\t        \n    \t\t<div x-show=\"showTabItem\" x-transition:enter=\"transition ease-out duration-400 delay-200\" x-transition:enter-start=\"opacity-0\" x-transition:enter-end=\"opacity-100\" x-cloak>\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\">\n<section class=\"Pegasus__Container w-full   relative h-fit  text-content-dark mobile-stacking-standard is-layout-flow wp-block-pegasus-container-is-layout-flow\" style=\"  padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50); border-color:#FFFFFF;border-top-left-radius:25px;border-top-right-radius:25px;border-bottom-left-radius:25px;border-bottom-right-radius:25px;border-width:10px;\">\n\t        \n\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t        \t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row-background absolute w-full bottom-0 left-0 z-0 h-full has-ivory-000-background-color\" style=\"\">\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"inner relative h-full is-flex-layout flex flex-col justify-start  w-full\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" allowchildrentofillwidth=\"\" overflow=\"\" flexwrap=\"\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-text-4-xl-font-size\">CNS &amp; Pain Models<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-content-primary-color has-text-color has-link-color has-text-base-font-size overflow-hidden wp-elements-9ed9bb46cc2365c6813e51baec3b5457 has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" allowchildrentofillwidth=\"\" overflow=\"hidden\" flexwrap=\"\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-rounded-large is-style-rounded-large--3\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"575\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/cns-drug-discovery-neural-network-illustration-1024x575.webp\" alt=\"diagram illustration of interconnected neurons representing central nervous system drug discovery, highlighting neural pathways and synaptic connections for therapeutic research.\" class=\"wp-image-7745\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/cns-drug-discovery-neural-network-illustration-1024x575.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/cns-drug-discovery-neural-network-illustration-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/cns-drug-discovery-neural-network-illustration-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/cns-drug-discovery-neural-network-illustration-1536x863.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/cns-drug-discovery-neural-network-illustration-1920x1080.webp 1920w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/cns-drug-discovery-neural-network-illustration-640x360.webp 640w, https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/cns-drug-discovery-neural-network-illustration.webp 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" allowchildrentofillwidth=\"\" overflow=\"\" flexwrap=\"\">\n<p class=\"has-content-primary-color has-text-color has-link-color has-text-base-font-size wp-elements-f58785d528a8df706bde7b033c502336\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Addiction research depends on validated <em>in vivo <\/em>behavioral pharmacology models to assess reward, reinforcement, dependence and relapse-relevant behaviors. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These approaches form part of Sygnature Discovery\u2019s <strong>CNS &amp; pain <em>in vivo <\/em>pharmacology capabilities, <\/strong>supporting translational neuroscience and substance use disorder drug discovery from early research through to clinical decision-making. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-fill is-style-fill--4\" modaltype=\"\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/in-vivo-pharmacology\/cns-and-pain-models\/\">Explore our CNS &amp; Pain Model Solutions <\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t        <\/section>\n\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n    \n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t        <\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Focusing on the intoxication phase of addiction, this article examines how behavioral pharmacology models capture reward, reinforcement and binge\u2011like drug use in preclinical studies.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","category":[1412,816],"class_list":["post-16870","blog","type-blog","status-publish","hentry","category-cns-pain-models","category-pharmacologie-in-vivo"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Substance Use Intoxication: Insights from Preclinical Models<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Understand the binge or intoxication phase of addiction and how animal behavioural models are used to assess novel pharmacotherapies.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sygnaturediscovery.com\/fr\/blog\/substance-use-intoxication-binge-insights-from-preclinical-models\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_CA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" 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